Attached slide window screen



J. HAczKA ATTACHED SLIDE WNDOWSCREEN 2 Sheetls-S-heet .l

Filed vApril 17, 1939 NT'R u AiToRNEY INVE De.23, 1941. 4J, HAgzKA h l 2,267,026

ATTACHED SLIDE wINDQwl SCREEN Filed April 17, 1939 l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 23, 1941 UNlTED STATES PATENT QFFICE ATTACHED SLI-DEWIN-DOW SCREEN Joseph Haczka, Flushing, N. Y. Application April 17, 1939,Serial1No. 268,185

15 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful 'improvements in an attached slide window screen.

The invention has for an object the construction of a window screen characterizedby a novel way of supporting the screen and moving the screen into operative and inoperative positions.

More specifically, the inventionv makes use of a pair of side members for attachment to the sides of a window frame inwardly adjacent a vertically slidably mounted window sash thereof, and having track elements extending forwards and rearwards along the top and bottom portions thereof. The invention contemplates the use-of strips associated with said track elements in a novel fashion and associated with the screen for assisting in supporting the window frame as desired.

Still further the invention proposes the ar.- rangement of certain lips upon the side members cooperative with lcomplementary shoulders upon the strips in a way so as to limit relative movements of these parts.

' Another object of this invention resides in a novel provision of latches mounted on the screen in aY certain way and engageable with the inner edges of the side members previously mentioned for latching the strips and screens in their 'inward positions and engageable with the outer edges of the said side members when said kstrips andscreen are outwards for holdingthese parts in their latter mentioned positions.

A'For further comprehension ofthe invention, and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, and to the appendedy claims in which the various novel features `of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming Ya material part of this disclosure:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary elevational view ofa window viewed from the inside of a room and equipped with a screen device constructed according to this invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of the window shown in Fig. 1 viewed from the outside.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. '2.

Fig. 4 is a'fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary View similar to Fig. V5 but illustrating the parts in a slight1y-dilerent position.

Fig. 'l is another view similar to'Fig.,5 but i1- lustrating the parts in still another position.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectionalview on the lineof Fig. 7.

Fig. '9 is ya fragmentary 'horizontal sectional vievvtakenvon the line 9--9 of Fig. 8.

fFig. `10 is a view similar to Fig. '7 but shown withicertain parts thereof removed.

Fig. V1l isla fragmentary perspective view looking in the direction of the line 'I I-I-I of YFig. 10, showing a portion of the device removed.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary perspective viewof the edge portion of the lscreen frame and associated parts vwhich -havel been removed from Fig. 10.

Fig. `13 Ais a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line I-3-I3 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 14 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line `*I4-I4 of Fig. 9, Vthis view being provided with rdot and dash lines toY show the partsl thereof in a different indicatedgposition.

The window rscreen construction, according to this invention, includes a support in the form of a Vpair of side members I0 which are attached by'fastening elements II to the sides of the window frame I2 inwardly adjacent the vertically slidable window sash I3. Each side member Ill has track elements I4 extending forwards andv rearwards along the ytop and bottom portions thereof. Each side member I0 also has a lip I5 on itsouter edge portion. A strip YIii is provided for-each side member I and each strip I6 has top and bottomtrack elements I'I inter-engaging with the said track elements I4 for supporting the strips to slideinwards and outwards. strip I6 is provided with ashoulder I8 engageable-with the lips I5 to limit outwardlysliding. A combination ventilator and screen is mounted upon a-frame 20 and extends between the strips I6. Headed elements ZI-are mounted o-n the sides l of rthe Aframe 2B and engage lbayonet slots 22 formed upon the strips I6 for limiting movement of the screen to a `certain amount forwardsA and downwards.

the ends of the frame 20 Aand more specificallyv upon'the edges of these channels 25. 'Each strip |15- is formed with recesses k2I5 surrounding lthe bayonet slots 22V and arrangedto house the headsof the headedelements 2|. Because of these-recesses the Astripsl maybe in intimate face-contact `with-the side members IIIY (see1Fig.i8) vwithout interference; The bayonet slots 122i are 'ar- Each ranged to be substantially of L-shape with horizontal portions extending outwards and vertical portions continuing from the outer ends of the horizontal portions and extending downwards.

Latches 28 are mounted upon the inner face of the channels 25; Each latch 28 comprises merely a strip of material pivotally mounted at one of its ends by a pintle 29 and their other ends being provided with enlarged beaded por'- tions 28a. tionally hold the latches 28 either in inoperative vertical depending positions or in laterally extended horizontal positions. These latter posi' tions represent the operative positions of the. latches. The widths of the side members I Vand the strips IKS and the channels 25, upon which the latches 28 are mountedlsee.V Fig. 12) bear a certain relationship to each other. This relationship is such ythat whenthe frame 20 is fully extended outwards as illustrated by the iulllines in Fig. v5, the latches 28 may loe moved -to their laterally extended positions indicated by the dot and dash lines 28 in Fig. 5, to engage behind the.v outer edges of the side members I0 for latch-V ing theV frame 20 in its extended position.

The parts are so arranged in relation to the window frame that in the extended position of the frame 20 it is disposed directly below the Window sash I3. Moreover, in the extended position the frame 20 islowered on the window silll2' of the window frame (see Fig. 4) by reason of the headed elements 2| being disposed inthe vertical portions of the bayonet slots 22; The sash I3 normally rests upon the top edge ofthe frame 20 (see Fig.`4). In this condition'the ventilator is operating. Fresh air may enter through the screen 24 and be deflected upwards into the room `by the deflecting member 23. I A safety plate IIJa is secured to each side member I0 by a pair of headed pins IIlb which areY adapted to engage-the corresponding slots Illc in the safety plate Illa, through the enlarged portions IIId of the slots IUC. Then thel safety strip Illa is lowered into llocking position to prevent the frame 2B from disengaging the window frame I'2',` toward the inside of the room.

When1 it is desired to close the window sash I3` so that the ventilator is not voperating it is necessary that the sash I3 be first moved slightly upwards. Then the latches 28y are moved to their inoperative downward depending positions.

Their'ame 2l] is lifted so that the headed elements 2I move upwards in the vertical arms of the bayonet slots 22. When the headedelements reach the positions of the horizontal armsl of the bayonet slots the frame 28 is pulled inwards. This will cause the headed elements 2l to move inwards along the horizontal arms of the bayonet slots 22 until the frame 20 reaches the position shown by the full lines in Fig. 6.

Further inward pulling on the frame 28 will cause the strips I6 to slideinwards relative to the membersli to vwhich they are connected by the inter-engaging tracks I4 and II.` Soon'the ele-- ment v28 will reach the position. shown by the full lines in Figf'l and this represents the normal inoperative position vof the screen device. Whenthestrips I6 are being moved rearwardly relative to the members I0 such rearward movement is possible until the shoulders I8 strike the adjacent faces of the strips IllaL arresting the strips I6 against'further rearward movement and preventing the strips IS from being'disengaged from themembers 10. `In this position the latches 28 The pintles 29 are adapted to fricdot and dash lines 28" in Fig. 7, and this latches the frame 20 against being again moved outwards. In order to move the frame 20 outwards it is required that the latches 28 be rst moved to their inoperative position. The window sash I3 may now be moved down to completely close the window.

Fig. 14 illustrates the different positions of the i Lframe 20 as 'illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, re- "spectively. InFig. 14 the reference numeral 20' illustrates the frame 20 disposed beneath the window sash I3 and representing the positions shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The dot and dash lines 20,correspond to the position of the frame 20 15 shown in Fig. 6. These dotted lines 28 show the -rame lifted and moved inwards. The full lines of the window frame 20 in Fig. 14 represent the position of the parts shown in Fig. 9. In Fig.l13 one of the latches 28 is illustrated in a 2Q depending inoperative position. The dot and dash lines 28a illustrate the latch 28 pivoted to itshorizontal operative position. It maintains this position frictionally due to the friction of the pintle 29.

` g `While I have'illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise constructions herein disclosed and the rightY is reserved to all changes and modifications 39. coming within the scope of the invention as dened in the appendedclaims.

I-Iaving thus described by invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

i' 1. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind Which the bottom edge of said sash is dis- 40 posed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical' strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwardsv and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots 45, having vtheir horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and 501,. engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of sald bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to 55, cause said screen frame to pass over said horio jacenta'lvertical'slidable sash of said frame, said window frame havinga horizontal strip behind whichthebottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed withiinverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so 'that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards Vand their Vvertical Aarms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engagedin the'innery ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may .bei pivotedoutwards f as," indicated .by'the- 75 may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame maybe moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge Yof said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame.

3. A window screen construction, comprising a'support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said Window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a `pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be Amoved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, said slidable mounting of said vertical strips, comprising track elements formed on each of said side members and extended forwards and rearwards, and complementary track elements formed on each of said vertical strips and engageabl-e with said firstmentioned track elements.

4. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame` adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and vslidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their 'horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be -rnoved outwards relative to said-support and saidscreen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the Vbottom edge of said sash in the-open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of ysaid window frame, said slidable mounting of said vertical strips, comprising track elements formed on each of said side members and extended forwards and rearwards, and complementary track elements formed onv each of said vertical strips and engageable with said rstmentioned track elements, said first-mentioned track elements comprising flanges 'directed towards each other and said complementary trackelements comprising flanges `directed away-from each other so-as to be `engageable with said iirst-V mentioned track elements.

5. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of saidframe, said window frame having a horirontal strip behind which `the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shapedbayonet slots and located adjacent said` support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards .and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms Aextending inwards Aand outwards and their vertical `arms extending downwards from the outer ends .of

said horizontal arms, a window screen frame,

and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends ofthe horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby saidvertical stripsmay be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards `and downwards relative to lsaid vertical strips to cause saidiscreen frame a support for location insidevof awindow framev adjacent a vertical slidable sash oi said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted :L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so vthat they may move` inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame,

and headed elements mounted on the ends, of` said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of vsaid bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips tocause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge 'of said `sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and means for preventing said vertical strips from :disengaging said side members when moved outwards relative thereto, comprising a lip formed on the outer edge portion of each of said side members, and a complementary shoulder formed on the inner edge portion of leach-of said vertical strips and which are adapted to strike said lips in the fully outward position 'of said vertical strips to prevent further movement.

'7. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash vof said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip be-l hind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of' having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said Vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and means for preventing said vertical strips from disengaging said side members when moved inwards relative thereto.

8. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottoml edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and means for preventing said vertical strips from disengaging said side members when moved inwards relative thereto, comprising a shoulder formed on the inner edge portion of each of said vertical strips, and a plate mounted on the inner edge portion of each of said side members and against which said shoulders are adapted to strike in the fully in position of said vertical strips to limit further inward movement.

9. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative Ato said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof,

said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and means for preventing said vertical strips from disengaging said side members when moved inwards relative thereto, comprising a shoulder formed on the inner edge portion of each of said vertical strips, and a plate mounted on the inner edge portion of each of said side members and against which said shoulders are adapted to strike in the fully in position of said vertical strips to limit further inward movement, each of said plates being removably mounted so that they may be removed when it is desired to disengage said vertical strips from said side members. 10. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move'inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, said vertical strips having recessed areas surrounding said bayonet slots in which the heads of said headed elements engage for permitting said vertical strips and side members to be in face contact.

1l. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-s-haped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shapedv bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said windowY frame, and channel-shaped members mounted on the ends of said window screen frame and having their arms extending along the sidesA thereof.

12. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent -a vertical slidable sash of said frame,

-said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and channel-shaped members mounted on the ends of said window screen frame and having their arms extending along the sides thereof, said headed elements being formed on said channel-shaped members.

i3. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidabiy mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and channel-shaped members mounted on the ends of said window screen frame and having their arms extending along the sides thereof, plates mounted on the inner edges of said side members, and latches mounted on said channelshaped members and engageable over the inner faces of said plates for latching said vertical strips and window screen frame in their inward inoperative position.

14. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-shaped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move 1nwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwardsy and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizonf tal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support, comprising a pair of Vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, and channel-shaped members mounted on the ends of said window screen frame and having their arms extending along the sides thereof, plates mounted on the inner edges of said side members, and latches mounted on said channelshaped members and engageable over the inner faces of said plates for latching said vertical strips and window screen frame in their inward inoperative position, said latches also being engageable behind the back edge portion of said side members for latching said vertical strips and window screen frame in their outward operative position.

l5. A window screen construction, comprising a support for location inside of a window frame adjacent a vertical slidable sash of said frame, said window frame having a horizontal strip behind which the bottom edge of said sash is disposed in the closed position thereof, a pair of vertical strips formed with inverted L-s-haped bayonet slots and located adjacent said support and slidably mounted so that they may move inwards and outwards, said L-shaped bayonet slots having their horizontal arms extending inwards and outwards and their vertical arms extending downwards from the outer ends of said horizontal arms, a window screen frame, and headed elements mounted on the ends of said frame and engaged in the inner ends of the horizontal arms of said bayonet slots, whereby said vertical strips may be moved outwards relative to said support and said screen frame may be moved outwards and downwards relative to said vertical strips to cause said screen frame to pass over said horizontal strip and therebehind beneath the bottom edge of said sash in the open position thereof, said support comprising a pair of vertical side members attached to the sides of said window frame, Iand channel-shaped members mounted on the ends of said window screen frame and having their arms extending along the sides thereof, plates mounted on the inner edges of said side members, and latches mounted on said channel-shaped members and engageable over the inner faces of said plates for latching said vertical strips and window screen frame in their nward inoperative position, said latches also being engageable behind the back edge portion of said side members for latching said vertical strips and window screen frame in their outward operative position, said latches comprising pivotally mounted strips normally depending downwards and capable of assuming and frictionally maintaining laterally extended operative positions.

JOSEPH HACZKA. 

